I've been reading a buncha theories and I've come up with this:

The numbers [4,8,15,16,23,42] are a formula revealing how "universe" has destined for the world to end. The people who discovered the formula also discovered an anomalous electromagnetic pulse that defies laws of nature and effects space/time. They think if they can study, harness, and control the EM pulse they can find a way to change the world's inevitable destruction.

We know now from Desmond's recent episode that the universe "course-corrects" events to make them align with the destiny outlined by the "universe." We don't yet know for sure if this can or will somehow change. I imagine the series will end on that note.

Now, the scientists with the Hanso Foundation and Dharma Initiative are, as we know, working on a vast array of projects. It's unclear if the researches by the two groups were/are being conducted concurrently or if the groups are the same people. Doing said research on the anomalous island effects the results of the research and makes different, more fantastic, albeit ethically questionable, sciences possible. Still, the electromagnetic pulse and it's effect on the earth and the possibility of it being used to change the path toward earth's destruction is the focal point of study.

Now there's the series of unbelievable coincidences with regards the characters aboard flight 815. It appears that this is the universe "course-correcting" and inclining events to bring about the earths destruction as destined by the "cosmic plan." The plane crashing on this particular island where an elaborate plan is being implemented to save the world is clearly no coincidence. The people on the plane are being manipulated by the "universe" to throw a monkey wrench into the Hanso/Dharma plan to save the world.

This explains why the "Others" are so hostile towards the "Losties." The "Others" are very determined to continue their projects and research and they know the "Losties" presence is a product of the "universe" "course-correcting" and manipulating people and events to bring to fruition it's "cosmic plan." they can't simply explain this to the "Losties" because it's far too complicated and existentially contrary to everything they know. no one would react well to talk of their own actions not being their own and how they're being manipulated the universe. that is why intense brain-washing procedures are being used on the Dharma/Hanso recruits.

That's what I've got so far. Any questions? lol